1 Annotated Bibliography for Juvenile Incarceration in America: Is it Punitive or

1

Annotated Bibliography for

Juvenile Incarceration in America: Is it Punitive or Restorative?

Aizer, A., & Doyle Jr, J. J. (2015). Juvenile incarceration, human capital, and future crime: Evidence from randomly assigned judges.https://www.nber.org/system/files/working_papers/w19102/w19102.pdf

Qualitative and Quantitative 

The people in the justice system and the ones putting juveniles in jail believe they are reforming the behavior of the offenders.  They think they are contributing to improving our society.  The study investigates the connection between juvenile incarceration and high school completion. The authors discovered that many people who are put in jail as youth struggle to complete high school. The majority of the children in jail fail to complete their high school education after being released, while others stop going to school after a specific time of attendance. A good amount of young people who are put in prison at a young age are more likely to continue going to jail into adulthood due to their criminal activities. Juvenile incarceration can be viewed as more punishing than reforming in this article. The article reviews prison and education within the juvenile jail.

Barnert, E. S., Perry, R., & Morris, R. E. (2016). Juvenile incarceration and Health. https://daneshyari.com/article/preview/4139130.pdf

Theortical

The authors of this article look at juvenile detention differently. Their objective was to show the difference between incarceration and children doing well. Based on their data, the authors came up with the incarceration of juveniles’ effects on the health of the children. They observed that many children will have health problems after being relocated from one setting to another. A concern is the nutrition and sanitary practices in juvenile institutions, which contribute to health problems. The youth often have a high exposure rate to adverse childhood experiences. The article shows that juvenile detention is punitive. The article highlights the health status of juvenile prisons.  It highlights health problems and concerns. 

Bouffard, J., Cooper, M., & Bergseth, K. (2017). “The effectiveness of various restorative justice interventions on recidivism outcomes among juvenile offenders.” http://www.antoniocasella.eu/restorative/Bouffard_2016.pdf

Quantitative

The article’s primary goal is to look at how effective different approaches to restorative justice are in dealing with juvenile offenders. This study used statistics of a sample of 352 young people who were sent to restorative justice programs. The study found that differences in how these programs were implemented reduced the likelihood of repeat offenses among juvenile offenders. This article provided helpful procedures in restorative justice for juvenile offenders.

Laird, Robert. “Regional International Juvenile Incarceration Models as a Blueprint for Rehabilitative Reform of Juvenile Criminal Justice Systems in the United States.” https://scholarlycommons.law.northwestern.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=7701&context=jclc

Theoretical 

The article shows how the United States can adopt rehabilitative models for its juvenile justice systems. Juveniles who are incarcerated may suffer from mental illness.  Rehabilitation, treatment, and education, are essential and the authors show how adolescents are not competent to stand trial. The European and Inter-American Court of Human Rights helps juveniles to be be rehabilitated. The author provides examples and steps for applying rehabilitative programs.

Munir, Aasma, and Malik Jamil A.. “Mediating Role of Religious Orientation and Moral Character for the Relationship between Parent and Peer Attachment and Delinquency.” https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/23311908.2020.1761042

Qualitative

This article addresses concerns about the challenge of juvenile delinquency. It shows how religion and moral character form adolescents’ relationships with their parents and peers. It also addresses misbehavior. Moral character improves, and criminal behavior is reduced. The findings help policymakers and other social groups understand juvenile delinquency. When adolescents are put in jail, parents and the adolescents are affected negatively. The authors examine the impact of parent and peer relationships in the juvenile justice system.

Puzzanchera, Charles, Hockenberry, Sarah and Sickmund, Melissa.  “Youth and the Juvenile Justice System: 2022 National Report.” 

https://ojjdp.ojp.gov/publications/2022-national-report.pdf

Quantitative

The writers give an overview of how youth are victims in the juvenile justice system in the United States. They offer many reports that have data from national sources.  The statistics include data dated in 2019.  There is data on how juvenile arrests exceed crimes. In 2019, law enforcement agencies in the United States arrested 696,620 juveniles under 18. There is data on how 3.8 million youth between 12 and 17 report depression episodes. It shows that juvenile delinquency cases were over a million more, and about half were property crimes.  There is also several neglect and abuse cases with the percentage of youth in residential facilities. The authors provide a lot of statistics, data, evidence, and graphs about juveniles who are in the justice system.

Seiter, L. (2017). Mental health and juvenile justice: A review of prevalence, promising practices, and areas for improvement. https://neglected-delinquent.ed.gov/sites/default/files/NDTAC-MentalHealth-JJ-Brief-508.pdf

Quantitative

This article shows there are a good number of young people in the juvenile justice system who have mental health disorders. Two-thirds of them have at least one diagnosable condition. Many communities still depend on juvenile justice systems to handle mental health needs. This article demonstrates that juvenile incarceration can be restorative. The article discusses mental illness and mental health disorders in the juvenile justice system. It shows ways of improving mental health screening, improving treatment, and promote coming together among people with mental health issues and the juvenile justice system. With the number of juveniles being incarcerated with mental health issues, there is a need for mental health support. 

Trigueros, Rubén, et al. “Relationship between Emotional Intelligence, Social Skills and Peer Harassment. A Study with High School Students.” https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/17/12/4208

Quantitative

 The author conducted a study that examines the relationship between emotional intelligence, social skills, and peer harassment in high schools.  From the study that used a total of 912 students, emotional intelligence and social skills will help adolescents achieve positive social relationships and avoid engaging in destructive behavior like bullying. The authors suggest that education programs should have social skills and emotional intelligence training. Emotional intelligence and social behavior are important in helping adolescents avoid negative behaviors and have better social skills.  

Underwood, L. A., & Washington, A. (2016). Mental illness and juvenile offenders. https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/13/2/228

Theoretical 

Juvenile offenders have a higher likelihood of developing mental disorders in prison. The juvenile justice system has tried to improve in the last ten years to address mental health issues among young people. There has been a rise in mental disorders among juveniles who are incarcerated. This article shows how juvenile detention is punitive. The article explains how juvenile crime and psychiatric illnesses are tied together. It gives different mental health treatment options and the response to treatment needs. The first role of the juvenile justice system should be to discover mental health needs. Mental health treatment is necessary for the offender to improve.

Young, S., Greer, B., & Church, R. (2017). Juvenile delinquency, welfare, justice, and therapeutic interventions: A global perspective.

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5288089/pdf/pbrcpsych_41_1_006.pdf

Qualitative

The article discusses crimes that are recognized as juvenile delinquency crimes.  It shows that incarcerating young people increases their risk of exposure to drug and substance abuse, mental health issues, and gangs. The author provides treatment for mental health problems and mental health therapy services. The author discusses how employment and education are important when working with juvenile offenders.