2 Correlation between Limiting Expression and Credibility NAME ENGL 199W: Writing to

2

Correlation between Limiting Expression and Credibility

NAME

ENGL 199W: Writing to Persuade

March 15, 2024

XXXXXXXX

Correlation between Limiting Expression and Credibility

Proficiency in academic English is essential for scholars to navigate the complexities of scholarly communication, strengthen arguments, and persuade readers effectively. The introduction section of research articles holds paramount importance in scholarly discourse for several reasons. Firstly, it serves as the gateway through which readers are introduced to the research topic and its significance. A well-crafted introduction provides essential background information, contextualizes the study within existing literature, and outlines the objectives and scope of the research, which can also quickly filter out the non-targeted people when they only read the introduction. A “move” serves as a functional and rhetorical unit (Swales, 2004) utilized for logical communication within a Research Article (RA). The primary function of a move is to contribute to the structure and organization of the RA, fulfilling communicative functions such as introducing the research topic and describing the study. After each move is a “step”, which represents a stepwise progression of the argument. Steps function to provide coherence for the development of the argument, ensuring a logical flow and continuity within the discourse (Moreno & Swales, 2018).

What previous studies of structure in introduction section appear to reveal about the structure of research article introductions, variation, and languages. According to the structure, introductions usually include the definitions of terms, illustrate difficult concepts with examples, and the evaluation of the result (Samraj, 2004).

XXXXXXX

Our research questions center on the application of moves and steps in the introduction section of ten selected RAs from the Behavioural Brain Research Journal. We aim to determine whether the authors have applied the rhetorical moves and linguistic features as delineated in aspect of neuroscience.

At the outset, it is essential to clarify that this research constitutes a small-scale, exploratory study. The primary objective of this study is to investigate how the limiting expression is applied within establishing credibility from ten samples of RAs in introduction texts.

XXXXXXXX

Method

According to Swales’s Creating a Research Space (C.A.R.S.) Model (Swales, 2018), introductions can be categorized into three actions. This study aims to identify rhetorical devices in scholarly introductions by selecting and analyzing ten articles using the C.A.R.S. Model as the analytical framework. The data were collected from the discipline of behavioral neuroscience, especially focusing on the journal Behavioural Brain Research. The study selected ten articles published within the last year spanning from Volume 455. The research seeks to discern patterns in the use of limiting expressions. Limiting expressions, such as “usually,” “some,” “generally,” and “most”, facilitate control over the application of statements and aid in the reduction and monitoring of generalized assertions in specific cases or instances. As highlighted by Language.foundation Native Speaker (2024), these expressions are crucial linguistic features for specifying the extent or scope of statements. Moreover, they play a vital role in restricting knowledge by specifying where and under what circumstances it holds relevance and effectiveness.

To identify these limiting expressions, the study utilizes the function button “control + F” in Microsoft Word to search for their presence within the analyzed articles. The specific limiting expressions as the targeted searching terms are: “most”, “generally”, and “many”. Additionally, the identification of variables involves anticipating the salient linguistic features, such as reporting verbs, hedges, attitude markers, and modality, which are expected to be prevalent in the introductions analyzed. Data collection procedures involve systematic selection of articles meeting the inclusion criteria, followed by meticulous examination of their introductory sections. The tools employed for analysis include the C.A.R.S. Model for categorizing introductions and the function “control + F” for identifying specific linguistic features. The chosen data analysis approach is justified by its effectiveness in uncovering patterns and trends in the use of limiting expressions within scholarly introductions, thus contributing to a deeper understanding of scholarly discourse in the field of behavioral neuroscience.Top of FormBottom of Form

Evaluation

Build on the knowledge of previous RA, this study will address on the research gap, the correlation between limiting expression and establishing credibility in the structure of introduction. In the field of behavioral neuroscience, this study will allow a further understanding of its research articles and more detailed observational trends mentioned earlier in this work. In addition, it will analyze how the use of restrictive expressions can reinforce the findings. There will also be a detailed analysis of the differences in limiting expressions. And the inclusive we and exclusive we pronouns will further distinguish clinical psychology writing, and whether the results belong more closely to the researchers or the larger scientific community. Given the limited size of the samples and the absence of sampling from a broader range of disciplines, this study refrains from making claims regarding disciplinary differences in the manifestation of criticality through literature review writing. Also, the substantial time expenditure required for manual reading or searching terms can have errors. Such an examination of disciplinary variations in criticality would be the focus of a subsequent, larger-scale study.

Reference Page

Language.foundation Native Speaker. (2024, March 5). Understanding Limiting Expressions in English [Video]. Youtube.

https://youtu.be/ZZr1wrLzx4o?si=dG3E4QNo10Bzb-o3

Moreno, Ana I. & Swales, John M. (2018). Strengthening move analysis methodology towards bridging the function-form gap. English for Specific Purposes, 50, 40-63.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.esp.2017.11.006 

Samraj, B. (2005). An exploration of a genre set: Research article abstracts and introductions in two disciplines. English for Specific Purposes, 24, 141–156.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.esp.2002.10.001

Swales, J. M. (2014). 1990. genre analysis: English in academic and research settings. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, selected 45–47, 52–60. The Discourse Studies Reader, 306–316. https://doi.org/10.1075/z.184.513swa

Witherell, S. (n.d.). Open doors 2014 report: IIE – The Power of International Education. IIE. https://www.iie.org/news/2014-11-17-open-doors-data/

Appendix

Artefacts from the journal of Behavioural Brain Research

Paper no.

Name

Author (s)

1

The effect of acupuncture on lateral habenular nucleus and intestinal microflora in depression model rats

Chen, Wenjie; Chen, Yiping; Aslam, Muhammad Shahzad; Shen, Junliang; Tong, Tao; Yan, Simin; Cheng, Wenjing; Huang, Zichun; Li, Jiawei; Liu, Siyu; Li, Jianguo; Zeng, Jingyu; Li, Meng; You, Zhuoran; Meng, Xianjun

2

The role of sex on sign-tracking acquisition and outcome devaluation sensitivity in Long Evans rats

Bien, Elizabeth; Smith, Kyle

3

A simple 100% normobaric oxygen treatment can substantially enhance sequence learning processes

Wang, Zheng; Spielmann, Guillaume; Johannsen, Neil; Greenway, Frank; Irving, Brian A.; Dalecki, Marc

4

Abnormal hemispheric specialization and inter-hemispheric functional cooperation in generalized anxiety disorder

Li, Qianqian; Zhang, Ting; Meng, Jie; Wang, Lu; Hua, Qiang; Xie, Xiao-hui; Ji, Gong-jun; Bai, Tong-jian; Wang, Kai

5

Sex and estrous cycle-linked differences in the effect of cannabidiol on panic-like responding in rats and mice

Hernandes, Paloma Molina; Batistela, Matheus Fitipaldi; Nascimento-Silva, Jefferson Manoel; Frias, Alana Tercino; Matthiesen, Melina; Campos, Alline Cristina; Lovick, Thelma Anderson; Zangrossi Jr., Helio

6

Effect of auditory deprivation on adaptive locomotion: Interaction with lower visual field occlusion

Sakurai, Ryota; Miura, Yuka; Kodama, Kentaro; Fujimoto, Masahiro

7

Sevoflurane-induced hypotension causes cognitive dysfunction and hippocampal inflammation in mice

Luo, Yuelian; Liu, Jiayi; Hong, Yu; Peng, Shuling; Meng, Shiyu

8

Rats have low motivation to self-administer oral methamphetamine across increasing response requirements

Yates, Justin R.; Berling, Kevin L.; Broderick, Maria R.; Bako, Rayah E.; Dillon, Sadie L.

9

Physical activity compensates for isoflurane-induced selective impairment of neuronal progenitor cell proliferation in the young adult hippocampus

Böckmann, Saskia; Iggena, Deetje; Schreyer, Stefanie; Rex, André; Steiner, Barbara

10

Comparison of maternal versus postweaning ingestion of a high fat, high sucrose diet on depression-related behavior, novelty reactivity, and corticosterone levels in young, adult rat offspring

Farber, Christopher; Renteria, Karisa; Ritter, Jordan; Muraida, JD; Rivers, Carley; McKenzie, Avery; Zhu, Jie; Koh, Gar Yee; Lane, Michelle A.