Assignment: Write a 1000-word essay answering questions to each of the following case studies. Please use

Assignment: Write a 1000-word
essay answering
questions to each of the following case studies. Please use APA 7th edition
format. Please include introduction and conclusion paragraphs. Please cite
references for each case study. Please use only scholarly references, minimum
of 3 sources. No need to include a title page. Please include reference page.
Reference page not included in word count.

Case Study # 1 – Detached Retina:

Mr. Gray, a 65-year-old man, was in an automobile accident in
which he suffered a concussion. Soon after he was released, he noticed what he
described as a “gray spot” in his field of vision. At first, he ignored it,
thinking it would go away, but the spot seemed to darken and spread over his
visual field. He didn’t report any pain with the problem. On calling his
physician, he was advised to go to the nearest hospital immediately. A detached
retina was diagnosed.

After treatment, he regained most of his normal sight back. Five
years later, he began having problems again. The central area of his visual
field was becoming blurred, and he was losing his depth perception. An initial
eye examination revealed neovascularization in both eyes.

1.     
Relate the patient history and circumstances of the injury and
the signs and symptoms related to the pathophysiology of this condition.

2.     
Discuss the treatments available for the patient.

3.     
Relate the symptoms and signs to those of macular degeneration.

4.     
Discuss the treatment available and the
prognosis for recovering his normal vision.

Case Study # 2 – Cardiovascular
Accident:

Mr. Quinn, age 64 years,
developed a severe headache several hours ago that has not responded to
acetaminophen. Now his speech is slurred, and his right arm and the right side
of his face feel numb. He is very anxious and is transported to the hospital.
Mr. Quinn has a history of smoking and arteriosclerosis, and there is family
history of CVA and diabetes. Assessment at the hospital indicated weakness on
the right side, including facial asymmetry and a blood pressure of 220/110 Hg
mm. A CT scan showed damaged tissue on the left side of the brain, and an
angiogram indicated narrowing of the carotid arteries and middle cerebral arteries,
with occlusion of the left middle cerebral artery.

1.     
Discuss the pathophysiology related to CVA due to thrombus vs.
embolus. Describe the stages in the development of an atheroma.

2.     
Explain the predisposing factors in this case and relate Mr.
Quinn’s initial signs to the pathological changes.

3.     
Discuss the treatments available after first aid for stroke
patients and the patient’s prognosis.

Case Study # 3 – Parkinson’s Disease:

Mr.
Nimmo, age 66, has noticed excessive fatigue, muscle aches, and weakness in his
legs for some time. His hands were shaking slightly, although his wife reported
that the shaking appeared to stop when he fell asleep. Some unintentional head
movements were also apparent. He remembers that his grandfather died in his
mid-60s after suffering for years from a condition with similar symptoms. After
several tests and the elimination of some other neuromuscular conditions, a
diagnosis of Parkinson’s disease was made for Mr. Nimmo.

1.     
Discuss the
pathophysiology of Parkinson’s disease and how it differs from other
neuromuscular conditions affecting older adults.

2.     
Discuss the usual
progression of the disease as the pathophysiology develops further. Indicate
additional manifestations that will be noticeable.

3.     
Describe the
complications that frequently develop, including the rationale for each and the
early indications of each problem.

4.     
Discuss the
treatments available to this patient.