BIO 230 – Essentials of Anatomy & Physiology Week 11 Study Guide

BIO 230 – Essentials of Anatomy & Physiology

Week 11 Study Guide

Chapter 17

Define the term antigen. (page 363)

Define the term pathogen. (page 70)

Body At WORK Give the 3 functions of the lymphatic system.

Describe the formation of lymph.

Body At WORK Describe how lymph moves through lymphatic vessels

Body At WORK The _____ ________ _____ drains lymph from the upper right quadrant of the body into the _____ subclavian vein. The ________ _____ drains lymph from the rest of the body into the _____ subclavian vein.

Give the location and function of the Thymus.

Give the location and function of the Lymph nodes.

Life Lesson Why, during surgery to remove a cancerous breast tumor, do they remove the nearby axillary lymph nodes?

Give the location and function of the Tonsils.

Give the location and function of the Peyer’s patches.

Describe the anatomy of the Spleen.

Body At WORK Give 4 functions of the spleen

List and describe the body’s three lines of defense against infection.

Describe a phagocyte and the process of phagocytosis.

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

Describe the two most important phagocytes

Describe how interferons protect our cells form viral infection.

Describe how the complement system destroys a bacteria.

How else does complement aid the immune system?

Give the function of Natural killer cells.

Describe the process of inflammation

1

2

3

Body At WORK Give the 4 signs of inflammation, describe how they occur, and how they help with healing.

a.

b.

c

d

Explain the role of fever in fighting infection.

Body At WORK A temperature taken rectally is usually 1° _____ than one taken orally. A temperature taken under the arm is usually 1° _____ than one taken orally.

Explain the difference between specific and non-specific immunity.

Body At WORK Compare and contrast active and passive immunity. Describe what a vaccine is and what it does.

T lymphocytes mature in the ______. B lymphocytes mature in the ______.

Describe the structure of an antibody.

Body At WORK Describe the 5 classes of antibodies.

IgA

IgD

IgE

IgG

IgM

Give the function of the cells involved in cellular immunity

Cytotoxic T cells

Helper T cells

Memory T cells

Describe how cellular immunity destroys pathogens within a cell.

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

Why does the cellular immune system attack transplanted organs and tissues?

Describe how humoral immunity helps the immune system destroy pathogens outside the cell

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

33. Body At WORK Describe 3 tactics antibodies use to defeat antigens.

34. Body At WORK What is the time difference between exposure to the antigen and the rising level of blood antibodies between the primary and secondary response and why is the secondary response faster?

35. Explain how hypersensitivity/allergies develops.

36. Describe the cause of autoimmune diseases.