Exam 1 PSY3211 – Research Methods and Data Analysis in Psychology

“Hunger is defined as 24 hours of food deprivation.” This is an example of a(n) _______ definition.

Does randomization guarantee that groups are equivalent at the start of a study?

Which of the following is NOT a component of an experiment?

Susan conducts a study to determine which therapy method (behavioral, cognitive, or humanistic) is most effective in treating depression. Each participant receives two months of behavioral therapy, two months of cognitive therapy, and two months of humanistic therapy using a completely counterbalanced design. Susan finds that whatever type of therapy is last produces the most benefits. Susan has encountered a problem known as

What type of statistics is used to organize and describe the characteristics of a collection of data?

One way to control the influence of extraneous variables is to

A researcher calculates how many times a rat presses a food lever in its cage after having been either reinforced or punished for that push. What kind of dependent variable is this?

“Individuals in the experimental group who receive therapy will be less depressed than people in the control group who do not receive therapy.” This hypothesis is an example of a

A ___________ error refers to finding an effect when there really is no effect while a __________ error refers to not finding an effect when there really is an effect

The statement “If children watch violent television, then they will be more violent than those who do not watch violent television” is written in

Darley and Latane (1968) conducted a series of experiments after hearing about the murder of Kitty Genovese. On the basis of results from these experiments, they came up with a principle known as the bystander effect. Reasoning from the specific example of Kitty Genovese’s murder to the general theory of the bystander effect is an example of

___________ refer to average dependent variable scores being very low while ___________ refer to average dependent variable scores being very high

The type of descriptive statistic that tells you the most popular/most frequent choice from a number of choices is the:

Daniel would like to study a new way of teaching research methods. There are two sections of research methods: one taught at 2 p.m. on Mondays and the other at 2 p.m. on Wednesdays. Daniel has Bob, the Monday teacher, use the new method and Jack, the Wednesday teacher, use the old method. At the end of the semester, Daniel finds that students who were taught the new method had higher grades than students taught the old way. What (if any) is the extraneous variable?

Following a confirmational strategy to test a theory can be good, but it has limitations. Which of the following is one of those limitations?

What is the larger group from which a sample is drawn?

Janet conducts a study on social loafing (letting other group members do most of the work). Similar to a prior research study she read about, she alters whether the student participant is alone or in a group. However, she adds a new dimension: whether the students in the group know or do not know each other. She finds that students by themselves worked harder than students in groups. In addition, she found that social loafing is lessened if the students in the group know each other as opposed to if they are strangers. Janet’s study represents

________ statements are always false.

A researcher manipulates the __________ variable(s), measures the effect on the _________ variable(s), and tries to control the ____________ variable(s).