instructions: Write one-to  -two pages (~300-500 words) in response to one of the main claims

instructions: 
Write one-to  -two pages (~300-500 words) in response to one of the main claims that the author makes in one of the texts assigned for each unit. Your response ought to both identify one main idea that the author expresses and explain an argument that the author makes to defend this idea. 
 Do not attempt to summarize the entire text.
 It is essential that you demonstrate sustained engagement with the primary text. Among other things, this means that you must cite the relevant page numbers from the text when you make claims about the author’s views. (I prefer parenthetical citation.) You are free to quote short passages, though this is not necessary, and it should not get in the way of your analysis.

I attached the required text for ref.